Question

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Answer 1

VOLTAIRE maintained that religion was useful to humankind but didn’t have to be true.

JEAN-JACQUES ROUSSEAU maintained that each person entered into society with an unspoken agreement to refrain from harming one another.

THOMAS HOBBES believed that people should exchange some of their individual freedoms for common security

WILLIAM BLACKSTONE believed that natural law was given to humans by God

Answer 2

Answer:

• Maintained that religion was useful to humankind but didn’t have to be true: Voltaire
• Maintained that each person entered into society with an unspoken agreement to refrain from harming one another: Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Believed that people should exchange some of their individual freedoms for common security: Thomas Hobbes
• Believed that natural law was given to humans by God: William Blackstone

Explanation:

Voltaire maintained that religion was useful to mankind as a way to implement social control (not always negative) and as a way to encourage the development of qualities in an individual. Whatever religion people have, it allows for more harmonious relationships.

Rousseau defended the idea of a social contract, which was an implicit agreement between people and the government. In this original agreement, people agreed to be amenable and to try to live in society as peaceful as possible.

Hobbes believed that the government's priority was to ensure the safety of each individual, and in order to do so, people needed to be willing to let go of some of their individual freedoms.

William Blackstone believed in natural law, which is a law that guides humans regardless of their cultural or social background. This law, according to Blackstone, was given to us by God.