Answer:
1. The difference between the normal hemoglobin protein DNA sequence and the sickle cell hemoglobin DNA sequence is a base to base shift, in this case adenine (GAG) to thymine (GTG).
2. The difference affects the amino acid sequence of the protein by replacing glutamic acid (Glu) with valine (Val).
Explanation:
In sickle cell anemia, a change in the DNA nucleotide sequence is observed, where adenine is substituted by thymine, whose expression is the change in the amino acid sequence of globine β, incorporating valine instead of glutamic acid. This represents a molecular mutation - point mutation - by subtitution, which corresponds to missense mutation.
<u>Normal hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT GAG GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Lys Ser
<u>Sickle cell hemoglobin protein in a RBC</u>
DNA CTG ACT CCT <em>GTG</em> GAG AAG TCT
Amino acids Leu Thr Pro <em>Val</em> Glu Lys Ser
When GAG is transcribed to mRNA, the CUC codon is obtained, which codes for glutamic acid. Thymine substitution causes the DNA sequence to change to GTG, which is transcribed as CAC, the codon that encodes the amino acid valine. The <u>change from glutamic acid to valine in β-globin causes an altered hemoglobin, giving the abnormal erythrocytes observed in sickle cell disease</u>.
The answer is C because it is takeing away part of its habitat which would make it's carrying capacity lower which means they cannot have as big of a population.
Answer:
The correct answer is A bacteriophages inject only DNA into the bacteria.
Explanation:
Bacteriophages are a specific type of virus that infect bacteria.During the course of infection bacteriophage releases an enzyme known as lysozyme which creates a hole in the cell wall of the bacteria.
After doing that(creating a hole) bacteriophage inject its DNA inside the bacterium.
The injected DNA undergo gene expression by utilizing the gene expression machinery of bacteria which ultimately result in the formation of coat protein.The DNA is then packed within the coat protein to form progeny phages.The progeny phages then disrupt the cell wall and get released from the bacterium in search of a new host.
The tectonic plates move and shift due to Mantle convection
Mantle convection is caused by the magma in the mantle of the earth constantly being cooled near the crust and heated the closer it gets to the core and like normal convection the cool magma sinks towards the crust and the hot magma rises to the crust. this happens in a circular motion causing the crust to shift with the magma
