This question refers to the book Eiger Dreams, written by Jon Krakauer and published in 1990.
The correct answer is these chapters increase his credibility for writing his book.
The mentioned chapters increases his credibility once they make clear the author's concern for his readers by showing details from his adventures and exposing his passions and opinions about a topic in which he is passionate about. This shows how open to criticism and responsible Krakauer is on his book.
The process of removing dissolved salts from water
Astroturfing came from a name of a brand called Astro Turf known in producing fake carpets of grass making it look natural. To pattern this, Astrotufing is the fake support by hiding the original sponsor with the use of grass participants, For the environmental justice, an event may astroturf to make it look like the event may have real supporters.
The answer is affect intensity.
Affect intensity is a characteristic that displays how much an individual responds emotionally to a stimulus. So for example an individual with low affect intensity will have emotional responses that are weaker in strength to a strongly emotional stimulus and vice versa in an individual with high affect intensity as in the example with Ben.
