Question

4. In an experiment, suppose that the wings of fruit flies were clipped short for fifty generations. The fifty-first generation emerged with normal-length wings. This observation would tend to disprove the idea that evolution is based on
a. inheritance of natural variations
b. inheritance of acquired characteristics
c. natural selection
d. survival of the fittest

5. Charles Darwin called the ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment
a. diversity
b. fitness
c. adaption
d. evolution

Answer 1

The observation from the first question would tend to disprove the idea that evolution is based on b. inheritance of acquired characteristics because according to the experiment  theory of adaptation was taken as a basis.
The answer for the next question is definitely adaptation as at first every live -being should get used to its environment in order to develop and so on.