Answer: A. reporting results of scientific analysis.
A physical evidence, also called real evidence. It is a tangiable evidence, which can be touched, picked and collected from the scene of crime or any other place. It can be used to prove a crime has occurred. Physical evidences includes fingerprints, footprints, fibers, paint and building materials.
A specimen sample is taken from the suspects or victims and compared with suspected samples obtained from the scene of crime. The comparitive analysis of physical evidences can be used as a scientific evidence against criminal.
Therefore, reporting results of the scientific analysis is the task she should perform.
<span>Rhabdomyolysis constitutes a common cause of acute renal failure and presents paramount interest. A large variety of causes with different pathogenetic mechanisms can involve skeletal muscles resulting in rhabdomyolysis with or without acute renal failure. Crush syndrome, one of the most common causes of rhabdomyolysis presents increased clinical interest, particularly in areas often involved by earthquakes, such as Greece and Turkey. Drug abusers are another sensitive group of young patients prone to rhabdomyolysis, which attracts the clinical interest of a variety of medical specialties.
We herein review the evidence extracted from updated literature concerning the data related to pathogenetic mechanisms and pathophysiology as well as the management of this interesting syndrome.
Keywords: Rhabdomyolysis, acute renal failure, myoglobin, crush syndrome
The first case of the crush syndrome, which constitutes one of the main causes of rhabdomyolysis, was reported in Sicily in 1908, after an earthquake1,2. In 1930, in the Baltic area, an epidemic of myoglobinuria was observed due to consumption of contaminated fish. Interest in rhabdomyolysis and crash syndrome was stimulated during the World War II particularly after the bombing in London, where the victims developed acute renal failure and myoglobinuria1.
Rhabdomyolysis is a rupture (lysis) of skeletal muscles due to drugs, toxins, inherited disorders, infections, trauma and compression3. Lysis of muscle cells releases toxic intracellular components in the systemic circulation which leads to electrolyte disturbances, hypovolemia, metabolic acidocis, coagulation defects and acute renal failure due to myoglobin4.
The skeletal muscle consists of cylindrical myofibrils, which contain variant structural and contraction proteins. Actin and myosin, arranged in thin and thick filaments respectively, form the repeated functional units of contraction, the sarcomeres5. The sarcoplasmic reticulum constitutes an important cellular calcium storage. It is structurally connected to the t-tubules, that are formed by invaginations of the muscle cell plasma membrane, the sarcelemma, around every fibril (Figure 1). After the sarcelemma depolarization, the stimulation arrives, through the t-tubules junctions, at the sarcoplasmic reticulum, inducing the calcium ions release and triggering muscle contraction6.</span>
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Answer:
C - Contains the embryonic disk
Explanation:
After an egg is fertilized, it begins to divide into smaller cells, from the 1 cell stage, to 2, to 4 and so on. Then, on the third day, the cells fall within 16-200 cells and it is then called a <em>morula</em>.
On the fifth day, the morula becomes a ball of calls which is now differentiated into an <em>inner cell mass and a trophectoderm</em>. The inner cell mass becomes the <em>embryo</em> as development goes on and the trophectoderm, becomes the <em>placenta</em>.
As development goes on further, the floor of the amniotic cavity is formed by the embryonic disk, a layer of prismatic cells derived from the inner cell mass.
The embryonic disc develops into 3 layers:
There is a major differentiation of cells which gives a template for the origin of development of specific organs of the embryo.
