Answer:
1. During DNA replication, an open section of DNA, in which a DNA polymerase can replicate DNA, is called a replication fork.
2. After replication is complete, the new DNAs, called daughter DNAs, are identical to each other.
3. The enzyme that can replicate DNA is called DNA polymerase.
4. Okazaki fragmentsare the short sections of DNA that are synthesized on the lagging strand of the replicating DNA.
5. The new DNA strand that grows continuously in the 5' to 3' direction is called the leading strand.
Explanation:
DNA replication is a process that occurs during the interphase (S phase) of the cell cycle and in which DNA is replicated. DNA replication is semiconservative which means that each strand in the double helix (leading strand and lagging strand) acts as a template for synthesis of a new, complementary strand that will become daughter DNA.
DNA polymerase is the main enzyme of the DNA synthesis: it requires primer (short sequence of DNA) for the initiation and it performs its function only in one direction 5'-3'. Other enzymes involved in DNA replication are DNA primase, DNA helicase, DNA ligase, and topoisomerase.
Genetic drift is defined as a shift in the allelic frequency of a population. This can be caused by natural selection which is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals across a population due to differences in phenotype. Natural selection favors particular traits in a population hence these individuals are able to reproduce while the individuals with disadvantageous traits will pass their genes to succeeding generations. This way the allelic frequency of succeeding generation will be diferent from that of the parent population.
DNA storage using genetic material is considered a distant storage option for holding data in a microscopic space.
<h3>What is DNA?</h3>
This is referred to as deoxyribonucleic acid and it contains the genetic instruction of cells.
The instruction has been theoretically known to hold terabytes of data for thousands of years which makes it a storage option in the future.
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