Europe embarks on an age of exploration (1400)
Britain and Spain establish colonies in north and south America (1700)
the industrial revolution leads to the rapid increase of industries in Europe (18th -19th century)
european nations begin establishing colonies in africa (19th century)
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People wanted more luxuries after the crusades was over, since this was a time of great pillaging in the Middle East, although the stated goal was to re-take the Holy Land from the Muslims.
Answer:
They created jobs in the shipping industry since they cannot be easily sorted by machines.
Apex: They greatly increased the total amount of cargo a single ship could carry overseas.
Explanation:
Historical for the Chinese.