As of 2020, the majority of people belong to sedentary cultures. In evolutionary anthropology and archaeology, sedentism takes on a slightly different sub-meaning, often applying to the transition from nomadic society to a lifestyle that involves remaining in one place permanently.
Answer:Primates are characterized by relatively late ages at first reproduction, long lives and low fertility. Together, these traits define a life-history of reduced reproductive effort. Understanding the optimal allocation of reproductive effort, and specifically reduced reproductive effort, has been one of the key problems motivating the development of life history theory. Because of their unusual constellation of life-history traits, primates play an important role in the continued development of life history theory. In this review, I present the evidence for the reduced reproductive effort life histories of primates and discuss the ways that such life-history tactics are understood in contemporary theory. Such tactics are particularly consistent with the predictions of stochastic demographic models, suggesting a key role for environmental variability in the evolution of primate life histories. The tendency for primates to specialize in high-quality, high-variability food items may make them particularly susceptible to environmental variability and explain their low reproductive-effort tactics. I discuss recent applications of life history theory to human evolution and emphasize the continuity between models used to explain peculiarities of human reproduction and senescence with the long, slow life histories of primates more generally.
Explanation:
Answer: The Chaldeans adopted the Assyrian system of control of conquered peoples, of exchanging aristocracies between different areas, so the ruling aristocracy was unsympathetic to the locals and would not tolerate uprisings.
Enslaved people should be freed and returned to Africa.
All enslaved people should be freed immediately.
The Second Great Awakening began around 1800, again among Presbyterians, in the Cane Ridge, Kentucky. In addition to being more vast and complex, this awakening differed from the first in other important aspects. If the previous revival was essentially limited to Presbyterians and congregations, it reached all denominations, especially Baptists and Methodists, who grew rapidly and became the largest Protestant groups in North America. Another difference was geographic and social: while the first awakening occurred in urban areas close to the coast, the second erupted in the so-called "border," the rural region of the midwest with its mobile population and its unstable social organization.
A third difference between the two revivals concerns their theology. While the 18th century movement had a solidly Calvinistic base, with its emphasis on human inability and God's sovereign initiative, the Second Awakening revealed a distinctly Arminian orientation, giving great emphasis to the human being's choice and decision potential. This characteristic, which combined with the young nation's ideals of freedom and individual initiative, found its most eloquent expression in the revivalist Charles G. Finney (1792-1875). Finney believed that the revival could be produced through the use of techniques, called "new measures", which included insistent and emotionally charged appeals, personal advice from the determined and prolonged series of evangelistic meetings. These elements are still present today in a considerable part of world evangelicalism.
