In the case of a cancer patient, it would be vital to do thorough assessment to identify the cause and be diagnose as early as possible to have immediate treatments thus the answer on the question would be a sociologist would check the epigenome which have likely to do with environmental factors such as medications, diet or nutrition and environmantal exposures.
During the reign of Augustus, it was the emperor who
oversees the activities and rules of the provinces. In short, it was direct rule from the
emperor. Still there some provinces that
was under the management of proconsuls.
The emperor was the one who assigned a proconsul for certain period of
time.
They were called protestant churches. formed from the reformation, a rebellion against what the protestants considered "wrong" by the catholic church. one of the divisions that formed against the catholics.
-hope this helps