Scarcity is the base unit of economics. If people didn't desire things then there would be no scarcity or reason to produce things. Anything that is not a free good (air, water, dirt etc...) is considered relitavely scarce. Diamonds are relatively scarce but you can get them if you want them they just cost more than you might perfer. Scarcity is inherent but almost all relative. As long as price is allowed to ration the goods then the scarcity will be relative compared to other things. One of a kind art works are truly scarce since there is only one and no matter the cost you can't get a second one only another origional.
When the government runs a deficit, it must sell bonds through "The Department of the Treasury" which is responsible for printing money and issuing these bonds.
