By looking at the question and the photo listed above, the statement that will be true for all organisms is the energy is used by the organisms to obtain and transport materials, and to eliminate wastes. The correct answer choice is 4.
Confirmed garrod’s hypothesis using genetic and biochemical studies of bread mold.
- Xylem contains tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma and xylem fibre.
- Tracheids: They are elongated, tubular dead cells with tapering end walls.
- Vessels: These are also known as trachea. They are elongated, tubular dead cells. They are joined to each other by end to end forming a continuous pipe. The cells are thick and lignified.
- Xylem parenchyma: They are also called wood parenchyma. This is the only living tissue of xylem.
- Xylem fibre: They are dead cells with thick walled fibre.
- Phloem consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma and phloem fibres.
- Sieve tubes: These are elongated, tubular living cells arranged in a row, with their perforated end walls forming a sieve. They are non-nucleated. Their protoplasm are inter-connected through sieve plates. They possess vacuoles.
- Companion cell: They are elongated, lens-shaped cells containing dense cytoplasm and prominent nuclei. These cells maintain connection with sieve cells through pits.
- Phloem parenchyma: They are living thin walled parenchyma cells.
- Phloem fibre: They are also known as bast fibre. They are elongated fibre like sclerenchymatous dead cells with thick walls containing pits and interlocked ends. Phloem fibre are the only dead cells in phloem.
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The fact that there is little diversity in the form of mc1r gene we can inferred that it is an that it is an advantageous trait to protect from extreme sun and lack of diversity is due to the negative selection.
- The MC1R gene give order for formation a protein called the melanocortin 1 receptor. This receptor plays very important role in normal pigmentation. The receptor is found on the surface of melanocytes, these cells secrete a pigment called melanin. Melanin is that the pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes their colour.
- Negative selection works to get rid of deleterious alleles from a population in another term that describes this is often “purifying selection.”
- Positive selection leads to directional selection. Positive selection for a beneficial allele can increase the frequency of neutral variants neighbouring the beneficial allele; such genetic hitchhiking may end in a large area of homozygosity (i.e., loss of diversity during a large area of a chromosome) due to a highly advantageous mutation and is referred to as a selective sweep.
To learn more about MC1R gene:
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