Question

Define the following

Answer 1

Explanation:

A. Shine-Dalgarno Sequence:

• This is a binding site found in the messenger RNA (mRNA) in prokaryotic organisms. It is found upstream of the start codon AUG and aids in the initiation of  protein synthesis

B. SRP:

• Signal Recognition Protein (SRP). This acts by binding to the bacterial ribosome, which as a result restricts protein synthesis.

C. NLS:

• Nuclear Localisation Signal is a short amino acid sequence, which is responsible for transporting proteins from the cell cytoplasm into the nucleus. The NLS is also responsible for the development of the nuclear envelope of the cell.

D. Ubiquitin:

• Found predominately in Eukaryota, the ubiquitin is a protein that aids in the control of other proteins within the organism.

E. Specificity Factor:

• Also known as the sigma factor, is responsible for the initiation of bacterial transcription. It is recycled during the transcription process and is only required at the initiation of transcription.

F. CRP:

• cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) is involved in catabolite (glucose) repression and serves as an inducer in the process.