Question

The purpose of poll taxes and the southern states was to

Answer 1

... discourage African Americans from voting.

Poll taxes means you have to pay a tax before allowed to vote.  That's a way of preventing poor persons (like blacks in the South) from voting.

In addition to poll taxes, other measures were also used to block blacks from participating in the voting process. For instance, literacy tests would require persons to pass certain standards of reading and writing in order to qualify for voting.  These tests were aimed at blacks, who had not had access to the same education as whites.

Answer 2

The purpose of poll taxes in southern states was to discourage African Americans from voting.

African Americans could not exactly afford poll tax due to slavery practice in the past, therefore they were poor, and they found it easier and affordable to not participate in voting.