The process of passing genetic material from one generation to the next depends completely on how cells grow and divide. To reproduce, a simple organism such as bacteria or yeast simply copies its DNA (through a process called replication) and splits in two. But organisms that reproduce sexually go through a complicated dance that includes mixing and matching strands of DNA (a process called recombination) and then reducing the amount of DNA in special sex cells to arrive at completely new genetic combinations for their offspring.
There are two basic kinds of organisms — ones with a nucleus and those without a nucleus (a compartment filled with DNA surrounded by a membrane called a nuclear envelope):
<span>Prokaryotes: Organisms whose cells lack a nucleus and therefore have DNA floating loosely in the liquid center of the cell. Prokaryotes divide, and thus reproduce, by simple mitosis.</span><span>Eukaryotes: Organisms that have a well-defined nucleus to house and protect the DNA. Eukaryotes divide by meiosis for sexual reproduction.</span>
Answer:
For normal goods, the income effect and the substitution effect both work in the same direction; a decrease in the relative price of the good will increase quantity demanded both because the good is now cheaper than substitute goods, and because the lower price means that consumers have a greater total purchasing power.
Explanation:
Mycorrhizae, specialized symbiotic associations between the roots of plants and fungi, are characteristic of about 90% of all plants.
Mycorrhizal fungi are a symbiotic combination of fungi and plants. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of fungi in a plant's rhizome, its root system. Mycorrhizae play an important role in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.
In mycorrhizal organization, the fungus resides in the root tissues of the host plant, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF or AM), or extracellularly as in extrinsic fungi.
The association is sometimes reciprocal. In some species or in specific cases, mycorrhizal fungi may have a parasitic association with the host plant.
Mycorrhizae are generally divided into ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae. These two types are distinguished by the fact that mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi does not penetrate individual root cells while mycelium of endophytic fungi penetrates the cell wall and penetrates the cell membrane.
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Explanation:
I'm assuming this is a T or F question. The answer is F, because the mitochondria of an animal would produce vitamin D, so the answer is F.
Answer:
1. Water vapor condenses to form clouds.
2. Water falls as rain, snow, and sleet.
3. Water flows down mountains and hills.
4. Water joins streams or forms groundwater.