Answer:
Explanation:
Molecular biology has enabled the identification of the mechanisms whereby inactive myostatin increases skeletal muscle growth in double-muscled (DM) animals. Myostatin is a secreted growth differentiation factor belonging to the transforming growth factor-β superfamily. Mutations make the myostatin gene inactive, resulting in muscle hypertrophy. The relationship between the different characteristics of DM cattle are defined with possible consequences for livestock husbandry. The extremely high carcass yield of DM animals coincides with a reduction in the size of most vital organs. As a consequence, DM animals may be more susceptible to respiratory disease, urolithiasis, lameness, nutritional stress, heat stress and dystocia, resulting in a lower robustness. Their feed intake capacity is reduced, necessitating a diet with a greater nutrient density. The modified myofiber type is responsible for a lower capillary density, and it induces a more glycolytic metabolism. There are associated changes for the living animal and post-mortem metabolism alterations, requiring appropriate slaughter conditions to maintain a high meat quality. Intramuscular fat content is low, and it is characterized by more unsaturated fatty acids, providing healthier meat for the consumer. It may not always be easy to find a balance between the different disciplines underlying the livestock husbandry of DM animals to realize a good performance and health and meat quality.
Answer:
1, Promoters
2.transcription bubbles
3. transcription
4. repressors
5. Primers
6. consensus sequences
Explanation:
.1. DNA sequences that direct RNA polymerase to the initiation site are called _____Promoters _________.
2. RNA synthesis complexes containing DNA, RNA, and polymerase are called ___transcription bubbles___________.
3. RNA synthesis (tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA) in general is called _______transcription_______.
4. The expression of beta-galactosidase requires the induction of operons by removal of _repressors_____________.
5. Unlike DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis does not require ___primers___________.
6. ___consensus sequences___________ are deduced by comparing many related DNA sequences.
The human cell has the largest surface area to volume ratio is Sperm cell or spermatozoa and its ratio is 1.55
<u>Explanation:</u>
Spermatozoa is a uni-flagellar motile sperm cell that basically determines the sex of an offspring. It moves from the haploid male gamete,its contributes in 1/2 nuclear genetic information to diploid.
The surface area of sperm cell is measured by micro-metric method or electron mircographs using stereo-logical method. While the volume will be measured by stereology or radio label volume exclusion method. The volume and surface area inversely proportional to cell size.
Answer: British authorities based their colonial commercial policies on the theory of MERCANTILISM.
Explanation: Mercantilism is the system whereby a country amass wealth for itself at the expense of another country. The prosperity of a nation depends upon its supply of capital, and that the global volume of trade is unchangeable. This is done by increasing export significantly and reducing imports. It was used by the British to significantly amass wealth by importing commodities to Africa in exchange for gold and other precious metals.
