Answer:
the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
Washing fruits because by washing you will decrease the bacteria’s
Answer:
The correct insulin pathway is described as under:
2. Binding of insulin to the alpha subunit of the insulin receptor
8. Activation of insulin receptor tyrosine kinase
3. Phosphorylation of IRS proteins
6. Phosphorylation of phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K)
4. Conversion of PIP2 to PIP3
7. Activation of PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1)
5. Glut4 receptors transported to the cell membrane
Explanation:
The insulin signaling pathway is described as under:
RTK (receptor tyrosine kinases) which is a receptor for insulin is an extracellular receptor but in contrast to other cell surface receptors it is catalytic in nature. In the absence of insulin (ligand), it is monomeric but as soon as it gets activated (activation occurs upon ligand binding), it undergo dimerization. It leads to auto-phosphorylation in it's tyrosine residue which subsequently leads to phosphorylation of tyrosine residue of other receptors. Such hyper-phosphorylated receptor have high affinity with enzyme/molecule like IRS protein which have SH2 domain . IRS down stream activates phosphinositide 3-kinase (PI-3K). This enzyme converts component of animal cell membrane PIP2 into PIP3. PIP3 also remains membrane bound but it has the potential to phosphorylate another enzyme named as PIP3-dependent protein kinase B (PDK1). Further, PDK1 leads to the activation of Akt or PK-B. Akt is a serine-threonine kinase which ultimately leads to the recruitment of Glut4 receptors on cell membrane for uptake of more and more glucose into the cell.
Note: Apart from this Akt also phosphorylates another protein named as FOXO which ultimately causes cell growth, Akt can also phosphorylate BAD protein so as to restrict cell apoptosis or we can say it leads to cell survival, Akt also leads to translation in a cell with the help of mTOR raptor etc.
1.) plasma
2.) Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body so they can keep working.
3.)no
An electrocardiogram (ECG) provides information about B) the rhythm of heart contractions
The rhythm of heart contractions can be known by an electrocardiogram (ECG).
An ECG or Electrocardiogram is a method to diagnose the heart conditions to check the normal functioning of the heart.
The process to measure the electrical signals of the heart can be done by using this machine.
In this technique, three leads are attached to both the wrist and the left ankle to measure the electrical activity of Heart. The rhythm of the heart contraction and relaxation can be used to find out any heart abnormality.
It is used to investigate the heart problems associated due to bad health or some chronic inflammation affecting the functioning the body. Shortness of breath or nausea is investigated by using an ECG machine to help the patient and doctor to find out the cause.
It consists of QRS complex which measures the heart beat.
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