Question

During the early stages of meiosis, two chromosomes in a homologous pair may exchange segments, producing genetic variation in sex cells. This process of exchange is called A) transcription. B) crossing over. C) nondisjunction. D) genetic shuffling.

Answer 1

B: during the early stages of meiosis, chromosomes in a homologous pair exchange segments, the process is called Crossing over.

Answer 2

The correct answer is option B, that is, crossing over.  

Crossing over or chromosomal crossover refers to the interchange of genetic substance between the two homologous chromosomes non-sister chromatids, which leads to the formation of recombinant chromosomes at the time of sexual reproduction.  

It takes place in the pachytene stage of prophase I of meiosis at the time of a procedure known as synapsis.