Pope Gregory VII and Henry IV came into an argument it went through who will control the appoitments of church officals which is called Inrestiture Controversy.
the awnser would be c.
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The "Red Shirts" are mostly associated with the period that followed after the Reconstruction era of the United States of America. Although they were present from the year 1875 but they became most active after the Reconstruction era. So it can be said that during the late 19th century the "Red Shirts" were most active.
It would be D. It placed a limit on Western expansion in North America in order to end struggles with the Native Americans.
Answer:
Ok please dont say that my answer was wrong but this is what from I think:
I think that it was offensive to them to say that it FELL since they are royal in their own ways and they probably like it as if it were said to be : "fallen"? They probably don't like admitting defeat so they try to make it present or like really cool in their own ways. DISCLAIMER: WHAT I THINK!!!