Reconstruction was killed by both. The south didn't want to accept new laws and things like that so they kept their racist ways and always found a way to introduce new laws to segregate African-Americans. The Northerners soon switched their focus and left the African-Americans to the mercy of the southerners who were still racist even during reconstruction.
The answer should be A.) 1961
Realm / Kingdom Monarch (Birth) Since
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) 27 October 1979
Solomon Islands Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) 7 July 1978
Tuvalu Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) 1 October 1978
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Queen Elizabeth II (b. 1926) 6 February 1952
It was considered humane and democratic because it was developed as a humane method of execution, leading to the origins of the French guillotine dating back to late 1789 when Dr.Joseph ignace Guillotin proposed that the French government adapt to a gentler method of execution.