Answer:
Alkenes; nucleophiles; electrophiles; -ene; syn; anti; anti; syn; syn and anti.
Explanation:
The hydrocarbons are organic molecules that have only carbon and hydrogen. If there are only simple bonds between carbons, the hydrocarbon is called alkane; if there is a carbon-carbon double bond it is called alkene; and if there is a carbon-carbon triple bond, it is called alkyne.
Alkanes have pi bonds, so they have delocalized electrons, so they are electron-rich, or nucleophiles and a lewis base, so they don't react with nucleophiles and bases but will react with electrophiles (substances with a positive charge).
To name an alkane, we must use the prefix "-ene", for example, H₂C = CH₂ is the ethene.
The alkanes can suffer addition reactions, which can be syn, anti, or both. The addition reaction occurs when the double bond is broken, and the new elements are added to the compound.
If the two parts of the reagent are added to the same side of the double bond, it's called a syn addition, which occurs with Hydroboration (HBr); when the addition occurs in the opposite side of the double bond, it is called anti addition, which happens in halogenation (the reagent is a halogen) and halohydrin (which have a halogen and a hydroxyl bonded to adjacents carbons). If the reaction can occur on both sides, its a syn and anti addition, and occurs in hydrogalogenation (HX, where X is a halogen).
