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Nezavi [6.7K]
3 years ago
8

How can you use the information in the figure to determine the coat color of the parents

Biology
1 answer:
Ivahew [28]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

using the punnett square helps to determine the probability of a genotypes outcome and it is very accurate

Explanation:

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What items are used to identify the genetic makeup of an unknown organism?
OleMash [197]

Answer:

Polymerase chain reaction machine

Primers

Petri dishes

Test tubes

Pipettes

DNA Polymerase

Free nucleotides

The organism to be identified

Explanation:

To identify the genetic makeup of an unknown organism, the nucleotide sequences fond in the Deoxyribonucleotide (DNA) of a known organism is matched to the DNA of some known organisms. If there is a certain degree of sameness in most of the matched parts, then the unknown organism can be said to be related to the known organism. This is a comparative study.

To carry out this identification, items used include; primers, the PCR machine, test tubes, DNA polymerase, free nucleotides, etc.

6 0
3 years ago
Which of the following best explains how the expression of a eukaryotic gene encoding a protein wil differ if the gene is expres
Ivan

Answer: c. The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns.

Explanation:

Eukaryotic cells are cells that have membrane-surrounded organelles, such as a nucleus which is an organelle that stores the DNA, the genetic material. On the other hand, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, and the genetic material is a single molecule, usually circular and closed and double-stranded, which is located in a sector of the cell known as the nucleoid (meaning "similar to the nucleus"), which does not imply the presence of a nuclear membrane.

<u>A gene is a unit of information at a DNA locus that codes for a protein. To synthesize that protein, DNA must be transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), and that mRNA is read by ribosomes in a process called translation or protein synthesis</u>. The difference between protein synthesis in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that in prokaryotes, transcription and translation take place directly in the cytoplasm since there is no nucleus. In eukaryotes, transcription takes place inside the nucleus, to generate mRNA. This mRNA molecule is then directed to the cytoplasm where translation happens.

a. In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are produced in the cytoplasm, whereas in eukaryotic cells they are generated in the nucleolus within the cell nucleus. So they both have ribosomes and they are used to make proteins, then this option is true.

b. RNA polymerase initiates transcription of all different types of RNA (mRNa, ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA). However, there are three RNA polymerase variations, each one translate a different type of gene. But, prokaryotic RNA polymerase can translate eukaryotic genes. Then this option is not true.

c. Prokaryotic cells don't  have introns because those cells do not perform a post-transcriptional RNA modifications, only done by eukaryotic cells. One of the modifications is the excision of introns in RNA. An intron is a region of DNA that is part of the primary RNA transcript, but unlike exons, they are removed from the mature transcript prior to translation. <u>So, this remotion does not happen in prokaryotes because they just don't have introns</u>. Also, in prokaryotic cells. the translation and transcription machinery is coupled. So, the transcription and translation occurs simultaneously, there will be no remotion of introns then the protein will be synthesized differently, since the reading frame is changed. Remember that each codon (set of three nucleotides) codes for an amino acid. So if the gene sequence is different because certain sections of the gene have not been removed, the protein will be different, and probably it will not function. This option explains how the expression of an eukaryotic gene encoding a protein will differ if the gene is expressed in prokaryotic cells.

d. The genetic code is the set of rules that defines how a sequence of nucleotides in RNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids in a protein. This code is common to all living organisms, although there are small variations, and it has a unique origin and is universal.  So, the code defines the relationship between each sequence of three nucleotides, called a codon, and each amino acid.  The sequence of genetic material is composed of four distinct nitrogenous bases, which are represented by letters in the genetic code:

  • Adenine (A)
  • Thymine (T)
  • Guanine (G)
  • Cytosine (C)
  • Uracil (U), only in RNA (instead of T)

So, the genetic code is the same for eukaryotes and prokaryotes. So this option is not true.

7 0
3 years ago
What is the difference between the calorie (lowercase c) and the Calorie (capital C)
coldgirl [10]
Calorie (with a lowercase “c”) is the energy needed to increase the temperature of water by one degree Celsius.

Calorie (uppercase “c”) is the equivalent to a kilocalorie (or 1000 calories)
8 0
3 years ago
The cells lining the proximal convoluted tubule have numerous microvilli and mitochondria. these structures are critical for the
Kaylis [27]
Microvilli which line down the luminal surface of those epithelial cells represent the resorptive function of the proximal tubule.
<span>The high quantity of mitochondria inside the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubule is needed in order to supply the energy for the active transport of sodium ions (to enter the cell from the luminal side).</span>
6 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Where is sugar removed and how can you tell​
Lyrx [107]

Explanation:

What you need to understand first, is the digestive system, after that, you'll probably be able to understand not only sugar, but other components of your food too.

    It all starts at your mouth, you are going to do a lot of the job for the food to get to your stomach by chewing it. After it gets to your stomach, the digestion will do its job as the pH there is less than 7. After this process, the food is going to your intestine, and then, it's right here, that the sugar/carbohydrates you ate are going to get into your blood. After this, sugar is going to be used to create energy for your cells and body to work properly, with that, sugar is consumed and you can start the process all over again.

6 0
3 years ago
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