Answer:
Scientists first discovered chromosomes in the nineteenth century, when they were gazing at cells through light microscopes. But how did they figure out what chromosomes do? And how did they link chromosomes — and the specific genes within them — to the concept of inheritance? After a long period of observational studies through microscopes, several experiments with fruit flies provided the first evidence.
Answer:
2. mRNA/ formed from the DNA gene sequence with the help of RNA polymerase
Explanation:
Ribonucleic acid, commonly known as, RNA, is one of the two nucleic acid biomolecule. Three types of RNA exists with varying functions viz: Transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and messenger RNA (mRNA).
- mRNA is a type of RNA that is formed from the DNA gene sequence during transcription with the help of RNA polymerase. It contains codons which determine the correct amino acid sequence for a protein.
- tRNA is a type of RNA formed in the nucleus, which contains anticodons (complementary to mRNA codons) that recognizes mRNA codons and carries corresponding amino acids to the ribosome.
- rRNA is a type of RNA that makes up bulk of the ribosome (organelles for protein synthesis).
Plant food gives it more minerals and nutrients. It kinda like vitamins but for plants. It make them grow healthier and sometimes faster
Spines primarily have a protective function in plants. The spines can be sharp, and form a physical barrier against herbivores which may want to feed on the plant. Spines however also have other benefits. The spines on a jumping cactus allow segments of the cactus to stick to passing large animals or humans, thereby allowing the cactus to spread to other areas through asexual propagation. Spines are modified leaves, and spines have a much lower surface area than leaves, and therefore can reduce transpirative loss of water by the plant during harsh droughts. Some trees in alpine regions, such as pine trees, have developed spine-like leaves to prevent the accumulation of snow in the branches.