Answer:
Genotypic ratio = 16 WwDd: 0
Phenotypic ratio = 16 white, disk shaped fruit : 0 yellow, sphere shaped fruit
Explanation:
This question involves two different genes coding for fruit color and fruit shape respectively. The allele for white fruit color (W) is dominant over yellow fruit color (w) and disk shaped fruit (D) is dominant over sphere-shaped fruit (d).
According to this question, If a squash plant pure-breeding for white, disk shaped fruit (WWDD) is crossed with a plant pure breeding for yellow, sphere shaped fruit (wwdd), the following gametes will be produced by each GAMETE:
WWDD - WD, WD, WD, WD
wwdd - wd, wd, wd, wd
Using these gametes in a punnet square, all of the offsprings will have genotype WwDd, which is phenotypically white and disk shaped fruit.
The genotypic ratio is 4 WwDd: 0
The phenotypic ratio is 16 white, disk shaped fruit : 0 yellow, sphere shaped fruit.
Answer:
a. preventing the cross-linkage of NAM subunits
Explanation:
The bacterial cell wall is made of peptidoglycan which is a polymer of alternating N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) residues. The NAM residues are crosslinked to impart additional strength to the cell wall.
Most of the antibiotics that target the cell wall synthesis in bacteria inhibit the enzyme of transpeptidation which in turn cross-links the NAM residues of the polysaccharide chains of the bacterial cell wall. Examples of these antibiotics include penicillins and cephalosporins.
Answer:
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote. The fusion of the nuclei of male and female gametes is known as fertilization. Asexual reproduction does not involve gametes, instead parts of a mature organism may develop to new individuals
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RNA splicing was first discovered in 1970s in viruses and subsequently in eukaryotes. Not long after, scientists discovered alternative patterns of pre-mRNA splicing that produced different mature mRNAs containing various combinations of exons from a single precursor mRNA. The first example of alternative splicing of a cellular gene in eukaryotes was identified in the IgM gene, a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. Alternative splicing (AS) therefore is a process by which exons or portions of exons or noncoding regions within a pre-mRNA transcript are differentially joined or skipped, resulting in multiple protein isoforms being encoded by a single gene. This mechanism increases the informational diversity and functional capacity of a gene during post-transcriptional processing and provides an opportunity for gene regulation
