The opening of channels that let positive ions flow out of the cell (or negative ions flow in) can cause hyperpolarization. Examples: Opening of channels that let
+
K
+
K, start superscript, plus, end superscript out of the cell or
−
Cl
−
C, l, start superscript, minus, end superscript into the cell.
The opening of channels that let positive ions flow into the cell can cause depolarization. Example: Opening of channels that let
+
Na
+
N, a, start superscript, plus, end superscript into the cell.
The opening and closing of these channels may depend on the binding of signaling molecules such as neurotransmitters (ligand-gated ion channels), or on the voltage across the membrane (voltage-gated ion channels).
Answer:
-use PCR to amplify the gene for GFP
-perform a restriction digestion of the GFP gene and the plasmid
-ligate together the GFP gene and the plasmid to generate a recombinant plasmid
-transform bacteria with the recombinant plasmid using electroporation
-plate the bacterial cells, and screen for positive transformants
Answer:
protect the cell from its surroundings.
Explanation:
Composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins, the plasma membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and regulates the movement of substances in and out of cells.
Answer:
The correct answer is "GHR-15 is a naturally occurring protein, therefore it would be degrade it if it is taken orally".
Explanation:
GHR-15 is an hormone releaser that elevates the levels of human growth hormone by stimulating the pituitary gland. GHR-15 is a naturally occurring protein, therefore if GHR-15 is taken orally it would not provide any therapeutic benefit because the digestive system would degrade it with gastric acid and the proteasome pathway before it could perform its biological activity. There are some formulations of GHR-15 that are taken orally but they are formulated accordingly to allow this feature.
Answer:
Blue flowers and green leaves
