An experiment should have only one independent variable.
Answer:
Four ways in which antiretroviral drugs can prevent the formation of new viruses are:
- <em>Inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme</em><em> in both nucleoside analogues and non-nucleoside analogues </em>
- <em>Inhibiting protease enzymes</em><em>. </em>
- <em>Inhibiting entry by antagonizing CCR5 co-receptors</em><em>. </em>
- <em>Enzymatic inhibition of integrase enzymes</em><em>.</em>
Explanation
Antiretroviral drugs are those used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, making the effect of the virus on the host cell is less and preventing the development of AIDS.
This type of drug has been classified, according to their mechanism of action, being grouped into several families of drugs.
Four different ways by which antiretroviral drugs can prevent the formation of virus are:
- <em><u>Inhibition of reverse transcriptase enzyme</u></em><em>: this enzyme is a DNA polymerase capable of forming single strand viral RNA by a process that is reverse to normal DNA to RNA transcription. Its inhibition prevents the formation of viral particles in the host cell. They are divided into nucleoside analogs and non-nucleoside analogs.</em>
- <em><u>Inhibiting protease enzymes</u></em><em>: proteases are a type of enzyme that facilitate the maturation of viral particles by breaking peptides in newly formed immature viruses. It is a way to prevent the maturation and replication of the virus.</em>
- <em><u>Entry inhibitors or antagonists CCR5 co-receptors</u></em><em>: CCr5 is a membrane protein, found on the surface of CD4 T lymphocytes, which facilitates the entry of the virus into the cell. The drug acts as a competitive inhibitor of the viral particle, preventing the entry and infection of the host cell.</em>
- <em><u>Enzymatic Inhibition of Integrase enzymes</u></em><em>: this type of enzyme is contained in the virus, and is capable of causing a retrotranscribed DNA to integrate into the host cell's DNA so that viral replication occurs. Its inhibition prevents the replication process.</em>
The most effective treatments against HIV infection involve the use of two or more types of antiretroviral drugs.
Answer:
Anorexia nervosa
Explanation:
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by a highly complex and alarming vitamin, mineral and nutritional deficit.
We deduce that it is this pathology by which the nails become brittle since the keratin is synthesized in a defective way. The presence of hair on the body, which some call the "woolly" body, is a mechanism in the body to protect body temperature and maintain it at times when there is not enough energy to balance it.
on the other hand also if it was bulimia nervosa or bulimia something characteristic of this pathology that in this case is not named, therefore it does not follow that the patient manifests it as a sign is the presence of dental erosion, yellowed fingertips, brittle nails and yellow but due to the induction of constant vomiting and gastric reflux. However this does not happen, that is why this option is recommended as the correct one.
Answer:
Cystostomy
Explanation:
Some individuals may experience difficulty with getting urine out of their system probably due to certain infection, old age or other related problems such that passing out urinary waste becomes a major problem. When this occurs and persist, the way out may be to employ the use of a device called catheter which is a tube which leads out of the lower abdomen and help drain the bladder. This process of creating a narrow passage which is artificially drilled to aid the passage of urine from the urinary bladder is called Cystostomy.