Answer: The four principal types of bones are long, short, flat and irregular. Bones that are longer than they are wide are called long bones.
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Answer:
If Clark had no ions in his nervous system, he would not be able to generate an action potentials.
Explanation:
An action potential occurs when a stimulus causes sodium channels to open in a neuron. Sodium floods in, making the inside of the cell more negative and the outside more positive. This is known as depolarization. Then, the Potassium channels open to allow Potassium out (Repolarization). A few too many K+ ions will leave the cell (Hyperpolarization), and finally, the Sodium-Potassium pump will bring the cell back to resting potential.
As you can see, the Sodium and Potassium ions are <em>essential</em> to action potentials in the nervous system. If Clark had no ions in his system, he would not be able to send any action potentials at all.
Answer:
B (active transport using ATP)
Explanation:
Movement of substances normally occur in the direction of concentration gradient/difference i.e. the difference in concentration of a substance across a membrane. Letting molecules diffuse or pass down their concentration gradient does not require energy but pumping those molecules against gradient requires energy in form of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process is called Active transport.
In order to perform certain cellular processes, cells need to move substances from their surroundings into the cell across their cell membrane. Moving this substances against the concentration gradient between the cell membrane and its extracellular fluid requires energy (ATP).
An example is the sodium-pottasium pump employed by animal cells in which they expend energy to move K+ molecules into the cell and Na+ molecules outside the cell against the concentration gradient of their cell membrane and extracellular solution.
