The number of sister chromatids at the prophase of mitosis will be 20.
Further Explanation:
The cell cycle in eukaryotes comprises two stages: the mitotic phase and the interphase. The interphase is the growth phase during which the cell content grows and doubles with the accumulation of nutrients that are necessary for mitosis.
In the G1 phase of the interphase, the proteins and nutrients required for the S phase are synthesized. During this phase, the cell grows but does not undergo division. G1 phase is followed by the S phase during which replication of the DNA occurs and the cell's DNA content or the chromosome number doubles. The G2 phase is the cell's checkpoint to ensure that the DNA replication has been accomplished successfully with no damage. It also synthesizes protein machinery for the M phase for cell division to take place. In the M phase, the cell division occurs separating the DNA content equally into two daughter cells produced at the end of mitosis.
Here, the diploid cell has 5 pairs of the chromosome or the DNA content is 2n = 10. Each chromosome will have two chromatidsthat are joined at the centromere in the G1 phase.
After the S phase, the DNA content will double and each chromosome will comprise an identical sister chromatid pair. Therefore, there will be 20 sister chromatids after the completion of S phase or replication.
The M phase will start with the prophase containing 20 sister chromatids, two pairs from each chromosome. The sister chromatids will move towards the opposite pole and eventually divide into two daughter cells with an equal amount of DNA content (2n=10).
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Answer Details:
Grade: Higher School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cell division cycle
Keywords:
Cell cycle, cell division, interphase, mitosis, G1 phase, G2 phase, synthesis phase, chromosomes, DNA content, centromere, sister chromatids, DNA replication, daughter cells.
