Answer:
b) households will save more because they will expect higher taxes in the future
Explanation:
The Ricardian Equivalence proposition is one of the pillars of classical economics, which sadly has proven to not work very well in the real world. According to classical economists, and their quantity theory of money plus the Ricardian Equivalence, recessions do not exist because it is impossible for them to exist. But in the real world, that is not true. Recessions exist, e.g. the US is in a recession since the first quarter of 2020 (even before the current health crisis). When real people lose their jobs or are afraid to lose their jobs, their spending habits change.
On the other hand, when real people get a tax refund or tax cut, they generally spend it, they will not save it to pay future taxes. That is why car sales increase during February after checks form the IRS are handed out.
Theoretically, classical economics is great. The problem is that we are human beings, and as such, our behavior cannot be controlled or determined by what we should or should not do. This is exactly why the velocity of money (quantitative theory of money) is not constant.
Arvrage cost is the total cost divided by the number of units.
C selling a share in cooperative
Answer:
The wholesale cost for the pianos that Darnell pays the manufacturer - explicit cost
The salary Darnell could earn if he worked as an accountant - implicit cost
The wages and utility bills that Darnell pays - explicit cost
The rental income Darnell could receive if he chose to rent out his showroom.-implicit cost
Explanation:
Explicit cost includes the amount expended in running the business.
They include rent , salary and cost of raw materials
Explicit cost is used in determining accounting profit
Implicit cost or opportunity cost is the cost of the next best option forgone when one alternative is chosen over other alternatives
Implicit cost is used in determining economic profit
If Darnell didn't use his showroom, he could have rented it out. Renting it out is his next best option that was forgone. Thus, it is an implicit cost
If Darnell didn't start his business, he could have been working as an accountant. The amount he could have earned as an accountant is his implicit cost
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "D": consumer surplus that is generated from the introduction of a new product.
Explanation:
Externalities are defined as the effects passed on third parties as a result of the actions of another individual or organization even if the third party has nothing to do with the operations of the individuals or entities. Externalities can be positive or negative.
The product-variety externality is an example of a positive externality. The product-variety externality takes place when a new product is introduced in the market generating a consumer surplus. Thus, end-users benefit from the variety of products available in the market even if that represents more competition for companies.
