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Anastasy [175]
2 years ago
5

Pension funds pay lifetime annuities to recipients. If a firm will remain in business indefinitely, the pension obligation will

resemble a perpetuity. Suppose, therefore, that you are managing a pension fund with obligations to make perpetual payments of $3.5 million per year to beneficiaries. The yield to maturity on all bonds is 17.5%.
Required:
a. If the duration of 5-year maturity bonds with coupon rates of 16% (paid annually) is 4 years and the duration of 25-year maturity bonds with coupon rates of 9% (paid annually) is 16 years, how much of each of these coupon bonds (in market value) will you want to hold to both fully fund and immunize your obligation?
b. What will be the par value of your holdings in the 25-year coupon bond?
Business
1 answer:
Solnce55 [7]2 years ago
6 0

Answer:

Duration of liability (perpetual) = (1 + y) / y

= (1 + 17.5%) / 17.5%

= 6.71

Value of liability = Cash Flow / yield

= $3.5 million / 17.5%

= $20 million

a. Assume you invest w in 5-year bond and 1-w in 25-year bond such that the duration of the portfolio is 6.71

6.71 = w x 4 + (1 - w) x 16

w = (16 - 6.71) / (16 - 4)

w = 77% in 5-year bond

1 - w = 28% in 25 year bond

Market Value of 5 year bond = 77% * $20 million = $15.4 million

Market Value of 20 year bond = 23% * $20 million = $4.6 million

b. Market Price of 20 year bond can be calculated using PV function on a calculator

N = 25, I/Y = 17.5%, PMT = 9, FV = 100

Price = Present Value (25,17.5%, 9 ,100)

Price = 52.29042644

Price = $52.30

Par Value of 25 year bond = Market Value /% Price

Par Value of 25 year bond = $4.6 million / 50.83%

Par Value of 25 year bond = $9,049,774

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According to the given question, we are asked to state the aspect of a country making some changes to its intellectual property laws and <em>how they are enforced,</em>

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Therefore, the correct answer is option C

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In the following summary of data for a payroll period, some amounts have been intentionally omitted:
notsponge [240]

Answer:

A. Calculation of the amounts omitted in lines (1), (3), (8), and (12):

1. At regular rate

= $365,500

3. Total earnings

= $430,000

8. Union dues

= $2,250

12. Sales Salaries

= $116,100

B. Journal to record the payroll accrual:

Debit:

11. Factory Wages $227,900

12. Sales Salaries    $116,100

13. Office Salaries  $86,000

Credit Payables:

4. Social security tax         $25,800

5. Medicare tax                   $6,450

6. Income tax withheld    $109,700

7. Medical insurance         $14,800

8. Union dues                     $2,250

10. Salaries Payable        $271,000

To record the payroll accrual.

C. Journal Entry to record the payment of the payroll:

Debit Payables:

4. Social security tax         $25,800

5. Medicare tax                   $6,450

6. Income tax withheld    $109,700

7. Medical insurance         $14,800

8. Union dues                     $2,250

10. Salaries Payable        $271,000

Credit Cash Account                          $430,000

To record the payment of the payroll.

Explanation:

a) Data and Calculation of the amounts omitted in lines (1), (3), (8), and (12):

Earnings:

1. At regular rate                      $365,500

2. At overtime rate                       64,500

3. Total earnings                        430,000

Deductions:

4. Social security tax      25,800

5. Medicare tax                6,450

6. Income tax withheld 109,700

7. Medical insurance     14,800

8. Union dues                 2,250

9. Total deductions                  159,000

10. Net amount paid                271,000

Accounts debited:

11. Factory Wages 227,900

12. Sales Salaries    116,100

13. Office Salaries  86,000

1. At regular rate = 3. Total earnings - 2. At overtime rate

= $430,000 - 64,500

= $365,500

3. Total earnings = 9. Total deductions + 10. Net amount paid

= $159,000  +  271,000

= $430,000

8. Union dues = 9. Total deductions - other deductions from 4 to 7.

= $159,000 - (25,800 + 6,450 + 109,700 + 14,800)

= $2,250

12. Sales Salaries = 3. Total earnings - 11. Factory Wages - 13. Office Salaries)

= (430,000 - 227,900  -  86,000)

= $116,100

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Answer:

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Explanation:

As there is shortage in cantaloupe market ( Supply curve shifts to the left), there are not enough cantaloupe to sell to buyers.

So, buyers will compete for lower supply amount of cantaloupe by willing to pay higher price.

With the existence of supply shortage and buyers is willing to pay higher price, the equilibrium price will goes up, thus it will be higher than the current price.

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Suppose Dina is an avid reader and buys only comic books. Dina deposits $3,000 in a bank account that pays an annual nominal int
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Answer:

Instructions are listed below

Explanation:

Giving the following information:

Dina deposits $3,000 in a bank account that pays an annual nominal interest rate of 10%. The comic book is priced at $15.00.

We don't have the number of years on the investment. But we can figure out an answer.

With $3000 she can buy:

Number of comics= 3000/15= 200 comics.

Using the following formula we can calculate the amount of money that she will have at the end of several years.

FV= PV*(1+i)^n

For example:

1 year

FV= 3000*1.10^1= $3300

Comics= 3300/15= 220 comics

5 years:

FV= 3000*1.10^5= $5,315

Comics= 5315/15= 354 comics

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