Answer:
Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) measures the amount of energy that is transferred between trophic levels.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Step 1. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate, releasing a molecule of carbon dioxide into the surrounding medium. (Note: carbon dioxide is one carbon attached to two oxygen atoms and is one of the major end products of cellular respiration. ) The result of this step is a two-carbon hydroxyethyl group bound to the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase; the lost carbon dioxide is the first of the six carbons from the original glucose molecule to be removed. This step proceeds twice for every molecule of glucose metabolized (remember: there are two pyruvate molecules produced at the end of glycolysis); thus, two of the six carbons will have been removed at the end of both of these steps.
Step 2. The hydroxyethyl group is oxidized to an acetyl group, and the electrons are picked up by NAD+, forming NADH (the reduced form of NAD+). The high- energy electrons from NADH will be used later by the cell to generate ATP for energy.
Step 3. The enzyme-bound acetyl group is transferred to CoA, producing a molecule of acetyl CoA. This molecule of acetyl CoA is then further converted to be used in the next pathway of metabolism, the citric acid cycle.
a transform boundary because the two plates pass each other in that same plane and the blocks of rock move in opposite horizontal directions .
Answer
A thick grouping of nerves that run down the back of the embryo
Explanation
The dorsal nerve cord is special embryonic characteristic of the ganglia. It is a hollow dorsal cord that is composed of a section of the exfoliated coagulant that forms a hollow tube unlike solid abdominal tubes in other animal species. It is located in the vertebrae of vertebrates.
Mitosis is the process of making cells for humans, plants, animals.
Meiosis is the process of making sex cells for humans and animals.
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