Natural selection is the process by which individuals with characteristics that are advantageous for reproduction in a specific environment leave more offspring in the next generation, thereby increasing the proportion of their genes in the population gene pool over time. Natural selection is the principal mechanism of evolutionary change, and is the most important idea in all biology. Natural selection, the unifying concept of life, was first proposed by Charles Darwin, and represents his single greatest contribution to science.
Natural selection occurs in any reproducing population faced with a changing or variable environment. The environment includes not only physical factors such as climate or terrain, but also living factors such as predators, prey, and other members of a population.
Mechanism of Natural Selection
The mechanism of natural selection depends on several phenomena:
• Heredity: Offspring inherit their traits from their parents, in the form of genes.
• Heritable individual variation: Members of a population have slight differences among them, whether in height, eyesight acuity, beak shape, rate of egg production, or other traits that may affect survival and reproduction. If a trait has a genetic basis, it can be passed on to offspring.
• Overproduction of offspring: In any given generation, populations tend to create more progeny than can survive to reproductive age.
• Competition for resources: Because of excess population, individuals must compete for food, nesting sites, mates, or other resources that affect their ability to successfully reproduce.
Given all these factors, natural selection unavoidably occurs. Those members of a population that reproduce the most will, by definition, leave more offspring for the next generation. These offspring inherit their parents' traits, and are therefore also likely to succeed in competition for resources (assuming the environment continues to pose the same challenges as those faced by parents). Over several generations, the proportion of offspring in a population that are descended from the successful ancestor

Uloborid spider eggs and spiderlings. In any given generation, populations tend to create more offspring than can survive to reproductive age.
increases, and traits that made the ancestor successful therefore also increase in frequency. Natural selection leads to adaptation, in which an organism's traits conform to the environment's conditions for existence.
Hello!
Yellow = Y
Green = y
Based on the fact that 25% of the offspring inherited two recessive alleles (we know this because in order for a recessive allele to be expressed, it must be homozygous),<u><em> the parent peas had to both be heterozygous. </em></u>
Yy * Yy will always result in:
1/4 = yy
2/4 = Yy
1/4 = YY
I hope I helped!
Answer:
The correct answer would be option D.
Explanation:
True breeding is a breeding procedure in which the parents would always produce their progeny with the same phenotype characters as the parents carry. This means for every trait these parents are homozygous so their offspring must show a similar phenotype.
In this case, all cattle are true-breeding which means they homozygous alleles show the progeny will also show similar traits which are short stature with brown hides and short horns.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.
