Even a large tapeworm cannot be seen with the naked eye and is therefore still within the realm of microbiology
Given question is incomplete. Complete question has been attached.
Answer:
C. Excessive potassium has diffused out causing hyperpolarization.
Explanation:
The nerve action potential can be divided into following stages:
- Stimulus is detected by the cell in resting stage.
- Sodium channels in the membrane open from where influx of sodium ions occur which is called depolarization
- After a while, sodium channels close and potassium channels open from where efflux of potassium ions occur which is called repolarization.
- The membrane potential further lowers due to continous efflux of potassium ions which is called hyperpolarization.
- After a while potassium channels close and membrane returns to its resting stage.
In the given figure, stage 4 depicts hyperpolarization because the membrane potential has dropped to the lowest point below -70mV. Hence, option C is correct.
The proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from the renal pole of the Bowman's capsule to the beginning of loop of Henle. The glomerulus is the site in the nephron where fluid and solutes are filtered out of the blood to form a glomerular filtrate. The proximal and distal tubules, the loop of Henle, and the collecting ducts are sites for the reabsorption of water and ions. Fluid and small solutes are forced under pressure to flow from the glomerulus into the capsular space of the glomerular capsule.
Reabsorption as this filtrate passes through the tubules, specific substances are reabsorbed back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries. Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries.
To learn more about glomerular filtrate ,here
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Answer:
The genetic variations that are best suited for their enviornment
Explanation:
Those that are not well suited for their environment will die off, leaving only the ones that are suited for it. This species will slowly take hold until the species has adapted and become a completely different one.
