The correct answer is Taliban
They were an extremist fundamentalist religious group that ruled Afghanistan until 2001. As of 2001 they are no longer a government body that rules, but rather an insurgency group that opposes any other government. They still exist and adhere to their ideas of practicing Sharia law which was changed a bit to suit their needs.
The Mandate of Heaven is a Chinese political and religious doctrine to justify the rule of the King or Emperor of China. According to this belief, <em>Heaven</em> bestows a mandate on the ruler of China. However, if he was overthrown, or if natural disasters occurred, this was considered an indication that the ruler had lost the mandate. Therefore, civilian rebellions were accepted as part of the cycle. The cycle had the following pattern:
- A New Dynasty Rises
- A New Dynasty Rules
- Mandate of Heaven Lost by the Dynasty
- The Dynasty Grows Weak
- Period of Violence Follows
According to Chinese citizens, a new dynasty would rise and become powerful. This would lead them to rule as long as they received the mandate of heaven. However, if heaven was displeased with the ruler, the dynasty would lose its mandate. As a consequence, China would experience natural disasters, rebellions and the weakening of the dynasty. A period of violence and rebellion on the part of the citizens would follow, until a different dynasty arose from the chaos and became the ruling dynasty and the cycle continued.
Answer:
The biggest principle that the allies wanted to clean up after Napoleon was legitimacy.
Explanation:
Napoleon was a legitimate, recognized head of state, who everyone except England was allied with at one time or another. As a foreigner, they couldn’t execute the French head of state for acting on behalf of France. To just declare him a criminal and shoot him would have been admitting that the Czar of Russia and Emperor of Austria had been making deals with a criminal.
Also, some of the allies LIKED changes made by Napoleon and wanted to keep it. For example, Kings of the Confederation of the Rhine wanted to keep being Kings, not Grand Dukes or Electors. It was in their interest to not declare Napoleon an outright criminal.
Even the allies holding him on St. Helena wasn’t backed by law. How they were treating Napoleon had no legal precedence. They were making things up as they were going along. The reason why the British would never allow Napoleon to set foot on England was that Napoleon’s supporters would have filed a Habeas Corpus suit on behalf of Napoleon and make the British courts answer what law they were holding Napoleon under.
In the long run it actually played to the advantage of British that Napoleon was alive and under their control. Letting loose Napoleon was the ultimate political trump card they had against the Germans and the French.
He is known for creating pi, the number that does not end.
I think the answer is (b)
