When a person starts exercising (running) the increase in energy expenditure causes an elevation of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. To compensate for this the respiratory control center senses the LOW oxygen level in blood and the HIGH carbon dioxide level and signals the diaphragm to contract and relax more often (INCREASE THE RATE).
The answer is B
Answer:
Option-C
Explanation:
Mitophagy refers to the process which is evolutionarily conserved in the organisms to remove the dysfunctional mitochondria in the cell.
The mitochondrial is degraded by the digestive organelles by engulfing the mitochondria.
The mitochondria are engulfed by the lysosome and then phagosome is formed which is double membrane structure.
This phagosome matures into the autophagosome and now has the mitochondria engulfed.
Since the mitochondria contain toe layer and during mitophagy engulfed by the phagosome, therefore, there is a total of four-layer.These four layers separate the matric of the mitochondria with the cytosol.
Thus, Option-C is the correct answer.
Answer:
Phospholipid bilayer.
Explanation:
The plasma membrane (also known as the cell membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is defined as a biological membrane that separates the interiors of a cell from its external environment.
The plasma membrane has a function that protects the cell from its external environment, mediates cellular transport, and transmits cellular signals.
It is composed of a lipids bilayer (phospholipids and cholesterol), (phospholipid is a lipid made of glycerol, two fatty acid tails, and a phosphate-linked head group) with embedded proteins, the plasma membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules which hence, regulates the movement of substances in and out of cells. Plasma membranes is very flexible in order to allow cells change form example, red blood cells change shape as they pass through narrow capillaries.
I believe the answer would be C. pleas brainliest
Answer:
d. less than 100% of the energy captured from sunlight is transformed into potential energy in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient and then into potential energy in the form of covalent bonds
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is process utilized by plants, several bacteria and protists to convert the light energy to chemical energy. So they utilize the photosynthesis as the powerhouse for the energy production. Heterotrophs like human that cannot synthesize their own food, use this converted form of energy by autotrophs.
During the light reaction of photosynthesis the photons from light are absorbed by photosystem I and II. These photons excites the electrons which flow through the electron transport chain from higher potential to lower potential. These electrons release the energy while moving from higher potential to lower potential which is utilized by H+ pump to pump the H+ to lumen of plastids from stroma and of course not the 100% energy is utilized some of the energy dissipates. . So this process causes the accumulation of high potential H+ ions across the membrane. These H+ ions are utilized for the production of ATP by ATP synthase complex when they flow back to lower potential across the membrane through ATP synthase complex.
The ATP and NADPH produced from light reaction are utilized to combine carbon molecules during dark reaction. The covalent bond is used to combine the carbon molecules and we know that combining carbon molecules stores energy in the form of covalent bond.
