For Q1, the answer is mutualism. The answer for the second question is parasitism. For the third question, the answer is commensalism. For Q4, the answer is symbiosis.
The answer for the next question is succession. For Q6 the answer is pioneer species. For Q7, the answer is secondary succession. For Q8, the answer is primary succession.
Explanation:
<u>Mutualism</u>: It is a type of ecological interaction in which two similar or different species occupy the same habitat. Both benefit from this kind of association. E.g The <em>Oxpecker</em> bird lives on zebra. It eats all the parasites on top of zebra.
<u>Parasitism</u>: In this type of interaction, one organism benefits while the other gets damaged. E.g <em>Tick </em>which feeds on human blood.
<u>Commensalism</u>: In this case, one organism enjoys the benefits while the other neither gets the benefits nor gets harmed.
<u>Symbiosis</u>: In this relationship, both organisms live happily by mutually benefiting from each other. E.g A <em>fungus and a plant</em> live together in <u>mycorrhizae.</u>
<u>Succession</u>: It is a gradual change in the structure of species in an ecological community.
<u>Pioneer species</u>: These species are the first one to inhabit barren wastelands. E.g <em>lichen</em> are seen on rocks.
<u>Secondary succession</u>: It is type of succession in which plants and other animals rehabilitate an area destroyed by floods and fire. In this kind of succession, soil is already present.
<u>Primary succession</u>: In this, the organisms try to inhabit a lifeless place with no top soil and vegetation.
They occur most frequently in a belt of radius 2500 km centered on the magnetic north pole. This so-called auroral zone extends over northern Scandinavia, Island, the southern tip of Greenland and continuing over northern Canada, Alaska and along the northern coast of Siberia.
The scientist collaborates with others to plan and carry out an experiment and then writes a paper that has a clear conclusion. He submits it to a professional journal for peer review, after which the results are presented publicly.
