The process that takes place in the stroma in both sunlight and darkness is the Calvin cycle. In sunlight and darkness the Calvin cycle produces a light dependent reaction which then produces ATP and NADPH. Even in darkness the process will still be able to undergo completion. If it has been dark for too long there will not be enough ATP and NADPH to continue sugar production.
#2:
Pyruvate: If there is any oxygen molecules produced in glycolysis will be passed to the Kreb cycle but when there isnt enough oxegen the transport chain wont run which mean fermentation will occur since the NADH molecules have nowhere to go.
NADH: Will go into electron transport.
ATP: Stores energy for a period of time.
#3:
Mitosis and cytokinesis both go through cell division and during mitosis chromatis divides into daughter cells meanwhile cytokinesis has one cell split into two. Without cytokinesis, mitiosis would still happen but only create two nucli in one cell and if cytokinesis happens the cell would die.
An inversion occurs when a chromosome breaks in two places; the resulting piece of DNA is reversed and re-inserted into the chromosome. Genetic material may or may not be lost as a result of the chromosome breaks.
