Answer:
Paired Comparison
Explanation:
Paired Comparison is a type of job evaluation method in which individual jobs are evaluated in relation to every other job, based on a ranking system, and an overall score is given for each job, determining the highest-valued job to the lowest-valued job. Here in paired comparison method an employee's work is basically evaluated by looking to every job being performed in that organisation, then after doing the comparison the relative scores are assigned to the job which needs to be evaluated. This method is different to the methods which most organisation use where jobs are evaluated specifically on the basis of your skills, performance and your knowledge. One of the drawback which this method has is that the employees start comparing themselves with other employees, not their job but their personalities and knowledge etc. which in turn creates jealousy factor which in return can decrease the overall performance of organisation.
Why estimated overhead costs (rather than actual overhead costs) are used in the costing process is explained below.
A predetermined cost is an expenditure that a company estimates ahead of time.
This cost is calculated prior to the purpose of production and includes all variable costs that affect production in a manufacturing business.
Actual overhead costs are difficult to calculate for each job, especially in a production environment with a large number of jobs.
As a result, overhead costs are allocated according to some standardized methods, which may link overhead costs to direct labor, machining time, and material used in each job.
Manufacturing overhead in a manufacturing organization refers to indirect costs that are required for production but cannot be traced back to individual products.
Machine depreciation and factory rental are two examples of manufacturing overhead costs.
Hence, computation of predetermined overhead rates is given above.
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Answer:
c. Discretionary
Explanation:
The discretionary policy is the policy that depends upon the judgement of the people who made the policy. It also deals in the decision making with respect to the monetary and fiscal policy
So here in the given situation, it is mentioned at the time of taking the action by the federal government with respect to change in the taxes and the spending in order to stimulate the economy
So this situation represents the discretionary policy
therefore the option c is correct
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