Explanation:
-mRNA or messenger RNA
DNA wound into chromosomes within the nucleus is unwound, unzipped and read by enzymes in a complex series of steps known as transcription. The message on DNA, called genes is copied by RNA polymerase, to form mRNA complementary sequence to that of the DNA strand.
Further Explanation:
Nucleic acids are comprised of smaller units called nucleotides and function as storage for the body’s genetic information. These monomers include ribonucleic acid (RNA) or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). They differ from other macromolecules since they don’t provide the body with energy. They exist solely to encode and protein synthesis.
- Basic makeup: C, H, O, P; they contain phosphate group 5 carbon sugar, these nitrogen bases which may contain single to double bond ring.
Nucleic acids like DNA stores all of an organism’s genetic information. Nucleic acid molecules comprise the nitrogenous bases Guanine, Adenine, Cytosine and Thymine. Conversely, RNA nucleotides are Adenine, Guanine, Cysteine and Uracil. These pair up as base pairs due to their varied structure- largely influenced by the location of N molecule.
In certain combinations, these bases form codons which act as instructions for protein synthesis. Codons are three nucleotide bases encoding an amino acid or signal at the beginning or end of protein synthesis.
RNA codons determine certain amino acids, so the order in which the bases occur within in the codon sequence designates which amino acid is to be made bus with the four RNA nucleotides (Adenine, Guanine, Cysteine and Uracil). Up to 64 codons (with 3 as stop codons) determine amino acid synthesis. The stop codons ( UAG UGA UAA) terminate amino acid/ protein synthesis while the start codon AUG begins protein synthesis.
Thus, these contribute to the broad diversity of living organisms, as varied combinations of these 64 codons can produce many proteins which can be organized into cells, tissues and organisms.
Learn more about transcription at brainly.com/question/11339456
Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316
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