*Blood flow is regulated in all three types of blood vessels through constriction and dilation.
*Contraction of blood vessels slows blood flow, while relaxation of blood vessels, or dilation, allows free flow of blood.
*Muscle fibers control the constriction and dilation of vessels. In the capillaries, rings of muscle called capillary sphincters control blood flow.
*The directional flow of blood in the veins is controlled with valves , which prevent backward blood flow when closed, and allow blood to flow only toward the heart when open.
Vasoconstriction and vasodilatation allow blood vessels (arteries and veins) to control blood flow and thus control the blood pressure. This is possible because of the smooth muscle cells that surround the vessels. The contraction and dilatation of those muscles is controlled by chemical signals (e.g. norepinephrine constricts the vessels, while NO dilates them).
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The body has levels of organization that build on each other. Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up organ systems. The function of an organ system depends on the integrated activity of its organs. For instance, digestive system organs cooperate to process food.
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A basic condition of nature which means that the quantities of available labor, capital, land and entrepreneurship used for the production of goods and services are finite
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It is possible to produce an offspring from a zebra mating with a donkey. Indeed, in Florence, Italy, a male zebra mated with a female donkey and produced a striped mule.