Use Stokes' theorem for both parts, which equates the surface integral of the curl to the line integral along the surface's boundary.
a. The boundary of the hemisphere is the circle in the plane
, where the curl is
. Green's theorem applies here, so that
which means the value of the line integral is 3 times the area of the circle, or .
b. The closed sphere has no boundary, so by Stokes' theorem the integral is 0.
Answer:
One convergence criteria that is useful here is that, if aₙ is the n-th term of this sequence, then we must have:
Iaₙ₊₁I < IaₙI
This means that the absolute value of the terms must decrease as n increases.
Then we must have:
We can write this as:
If we assume that n is a really big number, then:
n + 1 ≈ 1
And we can write:
Then we have the inequality
And remember that this must be in absolute value, then we will have that:
-1 < (x - 2)/3 < 1
-3 < x - 2 < 3
-3 + 2 < x < 3 + 2
-1 < x < 5
The first option looks like this, but it uses the symbols ≤≥, so it is not the same as this, then the correct option will be the second.