The proteins exhibit four levels of organization:
1. Primary structure: It refers to a sequence of amino acids join together by the peptide bonds to produce a polypeptide chain.
2. Secondary structure: It is a localized twisting of the polypeptide chain by producing a hydrogen bond. Two types are formed, that is, the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet.
3. Tertiary structure: It refers to the three-dimensional composition of a polypeptide chain. The folding is not regular as it is in secondary composition. It produces ionic bonds, hydrophobic interactions, disulfide bond, and hydrogen bond amongst the polypeptide chains.
4. Quaternary structure: It comprises an amalgamation of two or more polypeptide chains that functions as a single functional unit. The bonds are identical as in tertiary composition.
Thus, the levels of secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure would get affected if all the hydrogen bonding associations were inhibited.
It is made from the glycoprotein murein.
The process of importing free dna from the environment is called _transformation_.
The type of dna uptake that is dependent on viruses is called _transduction_.
The type of dna uptake that is dependent on transferable plasmids is called _cconjugation_.
Cells depend on the body environment to live and function. Homeostasis<span> keeps the body environment under control which keeps the conditions right for the cells to live and function. Not having the right body conditions can result in certain processes and proteins won't function properly.</span>
