After the fall of the former Soviet Union and the rapid disappearance of communism in Europe, the population of the former Soviet States were extremely happy about the situation, and with the help of the West most of the countries in this region made a move to democracy. These principal Central Asian countries are Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan.
Unfortunately, ten years later the jubilation about the democratization process in this region has gone sour, and the reality today is that most of these countries are turning into Dictatorships. Even though, the governments of these countries promised to support democratic ruled, they are now clearly embarked in non-democratic ruled.
The western democracies are alarmed by these trend, and they are trying to do what they can but no one knows what the results will be.
Federal law doesnt mandate it
Answer:
c. dependent variable
Explanation:
In research, the <u>independent variable</u> is the variable that can be manipulated by the researchers and which will have an effect on another variable that is called the dependent variable. (Therefore, the variable in which the affect is perceived is called the dependent variable). The researchers don't really have control over the dependent variable but it is the one that it's being tested and see how it responds to the independent variable.
In this example, the race of a criminal offender seems to determine the frequency with which capital punishment is administered. We can see that apparently, <u>the race of the criminal offender affects the punishment and how frequent it is received. </u>Therefore, since the race is affecting the frequency of the capital punishment, we can say that the punishment can be considered the dependent variable.
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