Ecosystems can be large and are made of biomes. Some examples of ecosystems are deserts and forests.
Answer:
Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of hemophilia vary, depending on your level of clotting factors. If your clotting-factor level is mildly reduced, you may bleed only after surgery or trauma. If your deficiency is severe, you may experience spontaneous bleeding.
Signs and symptoms of spontaneous bleeding include:
- Unexplained and excessive bleeding from cuts or injuries, or after surgery or dental work
- Many large or deep bruises
- Unusual bleeding after vaccinations
- Pain, swelling or tightness in your joints
- Blood in your urine or stool
- Nosebleeds without a known cause
- In infants, unexplained irritability
Bleeding into the brain
A simple bump on the head can cause bleeding into the brain for some people who have severe hemophilia. This rarely happens, but it's one of the most serious complications that can occur. Signs and symptoms include:
- Painful, prolonged headache
- Repeated vomiting
- Sleepiness or lethargy
- Double vision
- Sudden weakness or clumsiness
- Convulsions or seizures
Causes
When you bleed, your body normally pools blood cells together to form a clot to stop the bleeding. The clotting process is encouraged by certain blood particles. Hemophilia occurs when you have a deficiency in one of these clotting factors.
There are several types of hemophilia, and most forms are inherited. However, about 30% of people with hemophilia have no family history of the disorder. In these people, an unexpected change occurs in one of the genes associated with hemophilia.
Acquired hemophilia is a rare variety of the condition that occurs when a person's immune system attacks clotting factors in the blood. It can be associated with:
- Pregnancy
- Autoimmune conditions
- Cancer
- Multiple sclerosis
Treatment
Several different types of clotting factors are associated with different varieties of hemophilia. The main treatment for severe hemophilia involves receiving replacement of the specific clotting factor that you need through a tube placed in a vein.
This replacement therapy can be given to combat a bleeding episode that's in progress. It can also be administered on a regular schedule at home to help prevent bleeding episodes. Some people receive continuous replacement therapy.
Replacement clotting factor can be made from donated blood. Similar products, called recombinant clotting factors, are manufactured in a laboratory and aren't made from human blood.
Other therapies may include:
- Desmopressin. In some forms of mild hemophilia, this hormone can stimulate your body to release more clotting factor. It can be injected slowly into a vein or provided as a nasal spray.
- Clot-preserving medications. These medications help prevent clots from breaking down.
- Fibrin sealants. These medications can be applied directly to wound sites to promote clotting and healing. Fibrin sealants are especially useful in dental therapy.
- Physical therapy. It can ease signs and symptoms if internal bleeding has damaged your joints. If internal bleeding has caused severe damage, you may need surgery.
- First aid for minor cuts. Using pressure and a bandage will generally take care of the bleeding. For small areas of bleeding beneath the skin, use an ice pack. Ice pops can be used to slow down minor bleeding in the mouth.
- Vaccinations. Although blood products are screened, it's still possible for people who rely on them to contract diseases. If you have hemophilia, consider receiving immunization against hepatitis A and B
Answer:
proteins; purify; expression
Explanation:
One of the products of recombinant DNA technology is antibiotics. To have penicillin, we used to have to breed fungus that produces the drugs. With recombinant DNA technology, you can extract the DNA that needed to produce penicillin, then put it into a bacteria using an expression vector. This technology will allow us to produce a specific protein (whether its enzyme, hormone, or anything) easier.
Answer:
Index Fossils can be used to identify a specific time period.
Explanation:
All of the factors are responsible for unloading of oxygen from the hemoglobin molecule except the increase in partial pressure of oxygen.
Because the affinity of haemoglobin for binding oxygen increases as partial pressure of oxygen rises.
<h3>What is Haemoglobin?</h3>
Red blood cells include the protein hemoglobin, which transports oxygen to your body's organs and tissues and carbon dioxide from those tissues back to your lungs.
<h3>What are factors that affect Haemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?</h3>
- When used as an oxygen transporter, hemoglobin can carry about 65 times as much oxygen as simple solution in plasma could.
- A cooperative oxygen-hemoglobin affinity is produced by conformational changes in the molecule.
- The oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve's sigmoidal form reflects this characteristic.
- Temperature, hydrogen ions, carbon dioxide, and intraerythrocytic 2,3-DPG all have an impact on hemoglobin's affinity, and they all interact with one another.
Learn more about Haemoglobin here:
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