Question

1. Describe two characteristics or features that make prokaryotic and eukaryofic cells similar to each other. At least one of these similarites should be from what you observed in the lab?
2. Describe two characteristics or features that make prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells similar to each other. At least one of these diferrences should be from what you observed in the lab?
3. Describe two characteristics or features that make plant and animal cells similar to each other. At least one of these similarites should be from what you observed in the lab?
4. Describe two characteristics or features that make plant and animal cells different to each other. At least one of these differences should be from what you observed in the lab?
5. In your own words, describe a function of each of the following 14 cell structures.
Cell wall.
Plasma membrane (surrounding the cell).
Cytosol.
Nucleus.
DNA.
Ribosomes.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi apparatus.
Vacuoles.
Vesicles.
Lysosomes.
Mitochondria.
Chloroplasts.

Answer 1

Answer:

1.The group of organisms with cells which contain of nucleus and other membrane bound organelles are called Eukaryotes. These organisms have their DNA arranged in the chromosomes, bounded by histones proteins. They have diversity of forms, thus they can be colonial, unicellular or multicellular in forms. Their cells reproduced by mitosis and meiosis for gamete formation.  

Reproduction can be sexual and asexual. Their ribosomes are found in the cytosol, and they are larger than that in prokaryotes, but ribosomes in chloroplast and mitochondria are similar as that in the Prokaryotes (70s). Plants and complex animal cells are examples.  

Group of unicellular organisms which lack membrane bound nucleus, and other organelles, are called Prokaryotes. Their two domains are the bacteria and archaea. They reproduce asexually only, by fusion of gametes. Due to lack of membrane bound organelles, their water soluble components and cellular inclusions (metabolites and DNA) are found in the cytoplasm bounded by the cell membrane.  

When viewed under microscope. Prokaryotes are similar to Eukaryotes as follows.

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