This oath is recited by A person
Answer:
Nationalism and Alliances
A. alliances: a form of friendship between certain countries
B. they are what caused the first war by using nationalism to build courage within the country, then becoming friends with other nations, and finally showing their power by attacking another nation.
I want to say "A" because the overcrowding would indeed raise the population and could lead to urbanization of rural lands. Hope it helped :)