1. The tables represent a ratio of 3:5. For example, 6 x 3 = 18, and 6 x 5 = 30. Also, 20 x 3 = 60, and 20 x 5 = 100.
2. The table has a ratio of 3:4, so the missing blank is 64.
1 meter = 1000 millimeters
10 times 'x' is 10 times whatever the value of 'x' is. I hope that makes sense.
Partitive and Quotitive Division. An important distinction in division is between situations that call for a partitive (also called fair share or sharing) model of division, and those that call for a quotitive (also called subtraction or measurement) model of division.
From the Special Triangle Theorem, the hypotenuse is equal to the side lengtht times the Sqrt(2).
So hypotenuse H = xSqrt(2), x=H/Sqrt(2).
Using numbers, if H = 7, then x = 7/Sqrt(2) = 7Sqrt(2)/2 to rationalize it.