Answer:
B.F Skinner was American psychologist. He is considered to be the father of Operant conditioning. This theory uses positive and negative reinforcements to encourage wanted behavior whilst deterring unwanted and bad behavior.
Skinner suggested that if a behavior is followed by reinforcement then that behavior is most likely to be repeated and if it is followed by punishment it wont be repeated.
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Answer: Culture of Poverty.
Explanation: Culture of Poverty is a theory formulated by anthropologist Oscar Lewis in his studies of communities in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Lewis identified what he believed to be an important factor in the perpetuation of poverty. Regardless of what has led to patterns of inequality and poverty in society, Lewis argued, once established, the life of poverty tends to generate cultural ideas that promote perpetuating behaviors and viewpoints. The poor may lose their ambition to improve their lives by adopting the fatalistic belief that hard work and ambition will not improve their existence. Thus, this culture is transmitted from one generation to another. In one sense, Lewis suggested that as individuals adapt to the circumstances of poverty, they tend to develop a culture that is compatible with it and that is why they support it. This would help explain not only patterns of poverty in societies, but also the inability of Third World countries to develop economically as well.
