Answer:
Explanation:
Pharmacophore (pharmacology) - The molecular framework responsible for a drug's biological activity. According to IUPAC — A pharmacophore is the ensemble of steric and electronic features that is necessary to ensure the optimal supramolecular interactions with a specific biological target structure and to trigger (or to block) its biological response.
Privileged structures are defined as molecular frameworks which are able of providing useful ligands for more than one type of receptor or enzyme target by judicious structural modifications.
1) The 1,4-dihydropyridine ring is present in many biologically important molecules that acts as an important scaffold for cardiovascular drug - a calcium antagonists and although it is technically not considered as a pharmacophore, it is considered as a privileged structure.
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP), belongs to the class of calcium antagonist that inhibits the influx of extracellular Ca+2 through the L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels.
A positional substitution in the 4-position is feasible in the heterocyclic ring which in turn culminates in various calcium channel antagonist activities and this heterocyclic ring is the common feature for various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity,
antihypertensive, antianginal, antitumor, antitubercular activity and antithrombotic .
Position on the heterocyclic ring binds to the L-type channel and also to N-type channel on membranes.
2.) The bioisosteres are not a suitable bioisostere for the traditional C-4 aryl or heteroaryl substitution which is necessary for calcium ion blockage thereby inhibiting it to function with the mechanism shared above.
It takes place in the ribosomes
Answer: 1/4
Explanation:
Firstly, in order for both parents to be type A and have children with type o blood, their blood types must both be Ao. Since o is a recessive blood type, a punnett square shows there is a 25% chance any child of theirs will have type o blood. If neither parent is color blind and they have a son who is, it implies that the mother is a carrier of colorblindness and has the genotype XᴮXᵇ. If you do a punnett square of the not colorblind father (XᴮY) and the mother, it shows that a daughter would have a 0% chance of being colorblind. Therefore colorblindess is irrelevent, since there is no possibility of the daughter not having normal color vision. In conclusion, there's a 25% chance she will have type o blood and not be colorblind, since the other 75% chance would be having type A blood and not being colorblind.
Answer:
They are known as the power house of the cell. They are organeles that act as a digestive system which then they take in nutrients, break them down, and create energy for the cell. This process is also known as cellular respiration.
