High quantities of nutrients in water from industrial crop fertilizers and animal waste cause excessive aquatic plant growth — a process known as “eutrophication,” which, in turn, causes “hypoxia,” or water that is low in oxygen. Harmful algal blooms (or HABs) occur when aquatic algae grow rapidly out of control.
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Catalysis An enzyme may catalyse a reaction by stressing or
destabilizing the bonds of the substrates. This point in the enzymatic reaction
is known as the Transition State. An
enzyme can couple a nonspontaneous reaction to a spontaneous reaction so that
anabolic processes will occur.