3. For a perfectly competitive market to function properly, buyers and sellers must have access to adequate information. Adequate information is such information that the purchaser considers important for him. So the purchaser, company or investors should have an opportunity to get the information how it is.
4. Natural monopoly can be explained like the situation where one company can supply market's entire with some unique raw materials or technology. So there can't be more than one company which provides this material or technology. According to this, I think the answer is diamonds.
5. As far as I remember, oligopoly is a market that has a few firms dominating the market. That means there is a small competition as there are small number of buyers and sellers.
6. If my memory serves me well, economies of scale happen <span>when a firms' long run average costs decrease with output. So if there is no economies of scale, I'm pretty sure that costs go up.
7. I think that correct definition looks like this: Combination of two or more companies in a single firm is called a merger. Resources of both companies are pooled together, and the owners of each company remain owners. There are to types of merger entities:
-Horizontal integration - if the merged companies are competitors.
- Vertical integration - if the companies are supplier and customer.
8. I am definitely sure that the answer is: </span>Offering products of different tastes and shapes is an example of non-price competition. That means that the competing companies wouldn't challenge by lowering the prices. Every competitor will focus on highlighting benefits of their product, to show that their product is better than another one.
9. The controller of a monopoly sets the price of goods by charging the price at which the profit is maximized. Monopoly is a firm which has no competition, so they doesn't have to worry about losing their customers. Company can set monopoly price which is pretty much higher than products marginal cost. That allows company to have maximum profit.
10. Many critics argue that government efforts to regulate industries have caused inefficiencies. Inefficiency means that the company can't achieve enough productivity. This caused because of high taxes, bureaucracy and other factors.
11. This agreement is called price-fixing. Companies which have come to this conspiracy can't sell goods below fixed price. There are many way to fix price by setting the price high or low. That leaves customer no choice and makes him to buy product at the fixed price.
12. D<span>eregulating industries is not a method that the government uses to intervene and prevent firms from controlling the price and supply of important goods. Deregulation of industry means that government power in a particular industry is reduced. Deregulation removes barriers to competition.
13. I think, I'd go with this: </span><span>Price Fixing, Collusion, And Cartels. Oligopolies can arrange those three together and that lets them to charge prices like monopoly. Government stays sharp with oligopolies using this method.
14. I think it's obviously a start-up costs. Every business need money to set it up. But all of them are different and require different types of costs. So it would be appropriate to create a business plan that helps to consider different start-up costs for your business.
15. I'm 100% sure, that the answer is: C</span><span>ompared to a market with perfect competition, a monopoly often has higher prices and fewer goods. Monopoly usually provides unique raw materials and technologies. As I've mentioned before, monopoly has no competition and it lets company to charge high prices for their goods.
16. I think that the </span><span>lack of technological know-how can't prevent the company being competitive as there's not the most important factor in a particular business.
17. As far as I remember, efficiency is one of the main characteristics of competitive market, which could be achieved with minimum government intervention.
18. According to what I've mentioned above about oligopoly, correct answer should be: E</span>conomists usually call an industry an oligopoly if the four largest firms produce at least 70–80 percent of the output.
19. As I've mentioned it in question 6. total cost curve with economies of scale will decrease on the increasing output. But it refers to firms long run average total cost.
20. I'm definitely sure that the answer is: <span>It has reduced start-up costs for many businesses. Because with the Internet, there's no necessary to set up brick and mortar business. You can just build your business online by making a website. This is a huge economy.</span>
<span>Given Data:
</span><span>
The return = 12%</span><span>
Stock price = </span>$43/share
<span>
Dividend = $1.00
Growth rate = </span><span>30% per year
</span> D₄ = $1.00 × (1.30)⁴
<span> = $2.8561.
</span><span>
Stock's expected constant growth rate after t = 4
</span>
Stock's expected constant growth rate:
X = 6.34%
Answer:
With mitigation: NPV =$36,670,000, IRR= 15,24%
Without mitigation: NPV= $ 42,000,000, IRR= 19,86%
Explanation:
To calculate the Net Present Value (NPV) we have to sum the present value of a project´s cash flows (positive and negative cashflows). To do so, we need: the number of periods of the project, the discount rate, cost of captal or WACC, and the future values of the cash flows. Then we apply the formula attached.
To calculate the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) we have to find the discount rate, cost of capital or WACC that makes the NPV equal to cero. That means we have to find a rate in which the investor do not create or destroy value, only recovers the investment. I attached the formula.
But, this is better if we use excel:
First we copy the cash flows of the two projects. To find the NPV we use the financial formula "NPV" in this way:
"=NPV(rate;cash flows from year 1 to year 5)+ cash flow of year 0"
To find the IRR we use the financial formula "IRR" in this way:
"=IRR(cash flows from year 0 to year 5)"
I attached the excel figure.
Answer:
Dr Service cost 245,000
Cr Interest 166,400
Cr Cash 411,400
Dr Plan assets - pension 411,400
Cr Service cost 245,000
Cr Interest 166,400
Explanation:
Preparation of the journal entries to record annual pension expense for the enterprise fund of Amherst City
Since we are Assuming that the plan investments was $184,300 while the service cost component is the sum of $245,000, and interest on the pension liability is the sum of $166,400 for the year this means the Journal entries to record annual pension expense for the enterprise fund of Amherst City will be:
Dr Service cost 245,000
Cr Interest 166,400
Cr Cash 411,400
(245,000+166,400)
Dr Plan assets - pension 411,400
(245,000+166,400)
Cr Service cost 245,000
Cr Interest 166,400
